1002-6630
2013 Issue 8
bu tong bao zhuang bao mo dui sheng xian xiang gu pin zhi de ying xiang
FU Hai-jiao;ZHOU Xiao-qing;YING Li-sha;ZHANG Min;Ministry of Agriculture;Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Special Foods;College of Food Science;Southwest University;Chongqing 400715;China)
FU Hai-jiao;ZHOU Xiao-qing;YING Li-sha;ZHANG Min;Ministry of Agriculture;Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Special Foods;College of Food Science;Southwest University;Chongqing 400715;China)
..............page:303-307
..............page:335
fu he shi pin bao zhuang dai zhong er an ji jia ben de qi xiang se pu ji qi zhi lian yong fa ce ding
LI Shao-xia;HUANG Wei-xiong;Lü Fen;CHEN Ming;ZHONG Xiu-hua;HUANG Jing-chu
LI Shao-xia;HUANG Wei-xiong;Lü Fen;CHEN Ming;ZHONG Xiu-hua;HUANG Jing-chu
..............page:240-243
ye xiang se pu - zhi pu fa ce ding su liao shi pin bao zhuang wu zhong 11 zhong huan jing ci ji su
WU Zhong-ping;LU Jian;GAO Wei;ZHANG Xiao-qiang;WANG Li
WU Zhong-ping;LU Jian;GAO Wei;ZHANG Xiao-qiang;WANG Li
..............page:204-207
hong zao biao mian sun shang de te zheng guang pu ti qu
XIN Shi-hua;HE Jian-guo;WANG Song-lei;HE Xiao-guang
XIN Shi-hua;HE Jian-guo;WANG Song-lei;HE Xiao-guang
..............page:145-148
3zhong hplc jian ce qi ce ding dan gan zuo han liang de fang fa bi jiao
FANG Min;ZHAO Mou-ming;ZHAO Qiang-zhong
FANG Min;ZHAO Mou-ming;ZHAO Qiang-zhong
..............page:161-163
xiang ying mian fa you hua na mi sio_x/ dan qing dan bai fu he mo de zhi bei gong yi
ZHENG You;CHEN Hou-rong;WANG Xue-rong
ZHENG You;CHEN Hou-rong;WANG Xue-rong
..............page:36-42
zheng jiao shi yan you hua wei bo ti qu hou pu pi zong fen gong yi
ZHONG Ping;WANG Pin-pin
ZHONG Ping;WANG Pin-pin
..............page:82-84
chao sheng bo ti qu - yuan zi xi shou guang pu fa ce ding gu wu zhong zuo tong qian he xin de han liang
GU Jia-li;ZHAO Gang;MA Zhan-ling
GU Jia-li;ZHAO Gang;MA Zhan-ling
..............page:168-171
xiang ying mian fa you hua dou po mei jie gong yi tiao jian
ZHAO Yan-wei1;WANG Yu-sheng1;2;CHEN Hai-hua1;;JI Yuan-yuan1
ZHAO Yan-wei1;WANG Yu-sheng1;2;CHEN Hai-hua1;;JI Yuan-yuan1
..............page:70-75
4zhong fu he xing tu mo ji dui ji dan de bao xian xiao guo
ZHANG Shuai;MA Mei-hu;CAI Zhao-xia
ZHANG Shuai;MA Mei-hu;CAI Zhao-xia
..............page:284-288
gao xiao ye xiang se pu fa ding liang fen xi cha zi po zhong de cha zao su
ZHANG Hai-long1;ZHANG Wei-nong1;HU Zhi-xiong2;;QI Yu-tang1;GONG Ren3
ZHANG Hai-long1;ZHANG Wei-nong1;HU Zhi-xiong2;;QI Yu-tang1;GONG Ren3
..............page:153-156
lin ben er jia suan zuo lei zeng su ji qsrr yan jiu ji zai bai jiu bao zhuang cai liao zhong de ying yong
MA Li1;DING Hong-yan1;XUE Shao-zong1;LIU Hui1;ZHU Xiao-yong1;HU Yong-gang2;ZHANG Sheng-wan1;
MA Li1;DING Hong-yan1;XUE Shao-zong1;LIU Hui1;ZHU Xiao-yong1;HU Yong-gang2;ZHANG Sheng-wan1;
..............page:220-223
su dong shi pin zhong sha men shi jun he jin huang se pu tao qiu jun duo zhong pcr jian ce fang fa de jian li yu ying yong
TENG Yao-hui;SUO Biao;AI Zhi-lu;XIE Xin-hua;PAN Zhi-li
TENG Yao-hui;SUO Biao;AI Zhi-lu;XIE Xin-hua;PAN Zhi-li
..............page:140-144
pu tao zi ti qu wu dui xiang gu bao xian xiao guo de ying xiang
WU Ning1;JIN Cheng2;HUANG Ju1;SONG Jun1;ZHANG Lei1;JIANG Tian-jia1;LI Jian-rong1;3;
WU Ning1;JIN Cheng2;HUANG Ju1;SONG Jun1;ZHANG Lei1;JIANG Tian-jia1;LI Jian-rong1;3;
..............page:299-302
zheng jiao shi yan you hua mei fa ti qu cai zi pi bu rong xing shan shi xian wei gong yi
WANG Shun-min;ZHENG Rui
WANG Shun-min;ZHENG Rui
..............page:100-103
fu li ye bian huan hong wai guang pu ji shu yong yu xi jun jian ce de ying xiang yin su
YANG Li-jun1;2;WANG Jing1;;LI Zhao-jie1;SONG Xiao-hua1;CUI Feng-jie1;HU Qiao-ru1
YANG Li-jun1;2;WANG Jing1;;LI Zhao-jie1;SONG Xiao-hua1;CUI Feng-jie1;HU Qiao-ru1
..............page:190-194
ju he mei lian shi fan ying kuai su jian bie 5 zhong chang jian rou lei bie
LI Tong1;2;YIN Yan1;2;WANG Hai1;JIANG Yan-bin1;HOU Dong-jun1;YUAN Qi-peng2;YU Lei1;
LI Tong1;2;YIN Yan1;2;WANG Hai1;JIANG Yan-bin1;HOU Dong-jun1;YUAN Qi-peng2;YU Lei1;
..............page:249-252
shi shi ying guang ding liang pcr fa ce ding fa jiao ru zhong shuang qi gan jun
WU Yan-tao;LIU Xiao-li;CAO Yue;WANG Li-ping
WU Yan-tao;LIU Xiao-li;CAO Yue;WANG Li-ping
..............page:172-175
dian zi bi kuai su jian ce jian zha you pin zhi
LI Jing1;WANG Cheng-tao1;2;;LIU Guo-rong1;2;ZHAO Lei1;2;YANG Pei-qiang3
LI Jing1;WANG Cheng-tao1;2;;LIU Guo-rong1;2;ZHAO Lei1;2;YANG Pei-qiang3
..............page:236-239
xiang ying mian shi yan you hua jiao lian ma ling shu dian fen zhi bei gong yi ji ti wai xiao hua xing zhi yan jiu
GUO Li;WU Ying-long
GUO Li;WU Ying-long
..............page:76-81
uplc fa ce ding da dou zhi pin ji xiang guan zhi ji zhong da dou yi huang tong han liang
YUAN Bo;ZHEN Hui-juan;JIANG Xuan;SUN Shuai-ting;XU Li;XU Hai-yan
YUAN Bo;ZHEN Hui-juan;JIANG Xuan;SUN Shuai-ting;XU Li;XU Hai-yan
..............page:164-167
ji yu tong ji guo cheng kong zhi (spc) de gua mian jia gong guo cheng zhi liang kong zhi
LIU Rui;WEI Yi-min;ZHANG Bo
LIU Rui;WEI Yi-min;ZHANG Bo
..............page:43-47
xiang gu bing gan jia gong gong yi you hua yu te zheng xiang qi cheng fen fen xi
GAO Yong-xin1;HU Qiu-hui1;2;;YANG Wen-jian1;FANG Yong1;MANing1;ZHAO Li-yan2
GAO Yong-xin1;HU Qiu-hui1;2;;YANG Wen-jian1;FANG Yong1;MANing1;ZHAO Li-yan2
..............page:58-63
ya re mei tuo zhi zhong jie jing fa zhi bei tian zuo kang xing dian fen de gong yi you hua ji ke li xing mao
ZHANG Xiao;REN Qing
ZHANG Xiao;REN Qing
..............page:64-69
long xu cai feng wei hai zao jiang de jia gong gong yi you hua
YANG Xian-qing1;XIA Guo-bin1;2;QI Bo1;LI Lai-hao1;CHEN Sheng-jun1;HAO Zhi-ming3
YANG Xian-qing1;XIA Guo-bin1;2;QI Bo1;LI Lai-hao1;CHEN Sheng-jun1;HAO Zhi-ming3
..............page:53-57
gui zhou yun wu cha yuan tu rang gao han liang zhong jin shu he shen zai cha ye zhong de ji lei yu jin chu te zheng
ZHANG Qing-hai1;2;LONG Zhang-bo3;LIN Shao-xia1;ZHU Ping1;TAN Hong1;LIN Chang-hu3
ZHANG Qing-hai1;2;LONG Zhang-bo3;LIN Shao-xia1;ZHU Ping1;TAN Hong1;LIN Chang-hu3
..............page:212-215
ji yu zong zuo you suan he yi ding xi quan shuang zhi biao jian bie di gou you de fang fa
LI Tao1;ZHU Xiao-hong1;SHENG Xi-xia2;LIU Hai-jing1;YANG Zhi-hai1;
LI Tao1;ZHU Xiao-hong1;SHENG Xi-xia2;LIU Hai-jing1;YANG Zhi-hai1;
..............page:199-203
huan hu jing dui qing zuo su de bao he gong yi yan jiu
DUAN You-gou;ZHU Shi-long;ZHANG Jun-sheng;LI Yong
DUAN You-gou;ZHU Shi-long;ZHANG Jun-sheng;LI Yong
..............page:89-93
jiao mu chou ti wu xiang qi huo xing hua he wu de fen li yu jian ding
LIN Mei-li1;XU Qian-qian1;SONG Huan-lu1;;LI Pei2;XIONG Jian2;LI Shu-sheng2
LIN Mei-li1;XU Qian-qian1;SONG Huan-lu1;;LI Pei2;XIONG Jian2;LI Shu-sheng2
..............page:259-262
zheng jiao shi yan you hua jiao yuan duo zuo zuo he gai de zhi bei gong yi
PENG Qiao-yun1;SHEN Ju-quan2;WEI Dong-zhi1;MA Zhi-ying2;;SHEN Ya-ling1
PENG Qiao-yun1;SHEN Ju-quan2;WEI Dong-zhi1;MA Zhi-ying2;;SHEN Ya-ling1
..............page:94-99
jie jing guo tang de fa jiao xing neng he bei kao chan pin gong yi you hua
ZHOU Jia-chun;CHEN Han;ZHAO Li-ming;JIANG Li-hua;XIA Quan-ming
ZHOU Jia-chun;CHEN Han;ZHAO Li-ming;JIANG Li-hua;XIA Quan-ming
..............page:124-130
xiang ying mian shi yan you hua ji ya mi sheng chan gong yi
WANG Hui-ran;LI Zong-jun
WANG Hui-ran;LI Zong-jun
..............page:113-117
mei fa zuo hua er cha su egcg ji qi chan wu zai da dou you zhong de kang yang hua xing
LI Zhe1;ZHU Song2;WANG Hong-xin1;
LI Zhe1;ZHU Song2;WANG Hong-xin1;
..............page:1-5
wei zhen kong zhu cang tiao jian dui xi lan hua hua qiu zhi di bian hua de ying xiang
YUE Ben-fang;LI Wen-xiang
YUE Ben-fang;LI Wen-xiang
..............page:308-312
..............page:327-328
dian gan zuo he deng li zi ti fa she guang pu fa ce ding shi pin zhong ju er jia ji gui yang wan de han liang
GAO Feng;LI Xiao-lin;FENG Qian;LIN Yuan-hui;WANG Jin-hua
GAO Feng;LI Xiao-lin;FENG Qian;LIN Yuan-hui;WANG Jin-hua
..............page:182-185
ya lin jie shui zhuang tai xia zhi bei gong zuo ya you suan gan you zuo
WANG Xue;LI Wan-zhen;SONG Peng;LIU Xin;YU Dian-yu
WANG Xue;LI Wan-zhen;SONG Peng;LIU Xin;YU Dian-yu
..............page:12-15
shi shi ying guang ju he mei lian shi fan ying fa jian ce shi pin zhong zhu yuan xing cheng fen
FAN Li-li1;LI Pei2;FU Chun-ling1;;DING Hong-liu2;CHEN Ying2
FAN Li-li1;LI Pei2;FU Chun-ling1;;DING Hong-liu2;CHEN Ying2
..............page:224-227
xiang jiao pi duo tang ti qu fen li chun hua ji fen zi zhi liang ce ding
LIN Zhi-chao1;YU Jin-fu2;PAN Yu-tian1;
LIN Zhi-chao1;YU Jin-fu2;PAN Yu-tian1;
..............page:104-106
xing jiang zhong guo suan xi fu xing neng de yan jiu
AISIKAER Ailati;HUANG Gui-dong;JI Zhong-wei;MAO Jian
AISIKAER Ailati;HUANG Gui-dong;JI Zhong-wei;MAO Jian
..............page:118-123
gc-ms fen xi ji you jun zhong hui fa xing cheng fen
LI Wen1;GU Zhen1;2;YANG Yan1;;FENG Tao3;LIU Yan-fang1;ZHOU Shuai1;ZHANG Jin-song1;Ministry of Agriculture;National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi;Institute of Edible Fungi;Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Shanghai 201403;China;2.College of Life and Environmental Science;Shanghai Normal University;Shanghai 200234;China;3.School of Perfume and Aroma Technology;Shanghai Institute of Technology;Shanghai 200235;China)
LI Wen1;GU Zhen1;2;YANG Yan1;;FENG Tao3;LIU Yan-fang1;ZHOU Shuai1;ZHANG Jin-song1;Ministry of Agriculture;National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi;Institute of Edible Fungi;Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Shanghai 201403;China;2.College of Life and Environmental Science;Shanghai Normal University;Shanghai 200234;China;3.School of Perfume and Aroma Technology;Shanghai Institute of Technology;Shanghai 200235;China)
..............page:149-152
cong zuo ye you mu ye zhong jian xie jian ya jing liu chun hua 1,8- zuo ye you su
WANG Shi;JIN Lin-xi;XIE Jian-chun;ZHENG Fu-ping;HUANG Ming-quan;SUN Bao-guo
WANG Shi;JIN Lin-xi;XIE Jian-chun;ZHENG Fu-ping;HUANG Ming-quan;SUN Bao-guo
..............page:21-26
he tao gan guan he ying yang pin zhi de zhu cheng fen ji ju lei fen xi
PAN Xue-jun1;2;ZHANG Wen-e2;LI Qin-qin2;WANG Jian-ming2;ZHANG Zheng3
PAN Xue-jun1;2;ZHANG Wen-e2;LI Qin-qin2;WANG Jian-ming2;ZHANG Zheng3
..............page:195-198
cai hou lv hua gai he ke ju tang tu mo chu li dui li guo shi ning meng suan dai xie mei ji qi ji yin biao da te xing de ying xiang
GUO Run-zi;KOU Xiao-hong;ZHANG Ying;WANG Shuang
GUO Run-zi;KOU Xiao-hong;ZHANG Ying;WANG Shuang
..............page:263-268
..............page:329-333
chao gao ya yu re chu li pao luo bo zhu cang guo cheng zhong pin zhi bian hua de bi jiao
ZHAO Dong;LI Xue-mei;CHEN An-jun;PU Biao
ZHAO Dong;LI Xue-mei;CHEN An-jun;PU Biao
..............page:269-273
shan xi sheng bu tong chan di lv cha zhong 6 zhong huo xing cheng fen han liang de bi jiao
SHI Ming-ming1;TANG Xin2;LI Xiao2;WANG Yu-tang1;WU Kun2;LIU Juan-juan2;LIU Xue-bo1
SHI Ming-ming1;TANG Xin2;LI Xiao2;WANG Yu-tang1;WU Kun2;LIU Juan-juan2;LIU Xue-bo1
..............page:232-235
xiang ying mian fa you hua zai zhi gan lao ru hua yan pei fang
CHEN Ling;LIU Hui-ping
CHEN Ling;LIU Hui-ping
..............page:321-325
folin-ciocalteu fa ce ding ping guo cu yin liao de zong duo fen han liang
ZHAO Xiao-juan;LI Min-yi;HUANG Gui-ying;CHEN Yue-jiao
ZHAO Xiao-juan;LI Min-yi;HUANG Gui-ying;CHEN Yue-jiao
..............page:31-35
wai yuan tian cai jian chu li dui huang gua leng cang qi jian huo xing yang dai xie de ying xiang
WANG Fu-gui;HAN Tao;ZHANG Hai-ying;XU Li
WANG Fu-gui;HAN Tao;ZHANG Hai-ying;XU Li
..............page:313-316
xiang ying mian fa you hua wei jin pao tuo pi da dou shi re mie mei gong yi
LIU Xin1;CHEN Cong1;ZHAO Jian-xin1;;FAN Da-ming1;MA Zhi-gang2;ZHANG Hao1
LIU Xin1;CHEN Cong1;ZHAO Jian-xin1;;FAN Da-ming1;MA Zhi-gang2;ZHANG Hao1
..............page:131-135
..............page:326
qi diao zhu cang dui si ji dou sheng li sheng hua te xing de ying xiang
WANG Li-bin1;JIANG Li1;SHI Yun1;LUO Hai-bo2;YU Zhi-fang1;
WANG Li-bin1;JIANG Li1;SHI Yun1;LUO Hai-bo2;YU Zhi-fang1;
..............page:289-293
zhong xin zu he shi yan you hua ge gen dian fen - ke ju tang fu he mo xing neng
YIN Lu1;PENG Yong1;YU Hua-ning2;LI Yun-fei1;3;
YIN Lu1;PENG Yong1;YU Hua-ning2;LI Yun-fei1;3;
..............page:6-11
qi xiang se pu fa dui gan hai can zhong de liu liu liu di di ti ce liang jie guo bu que ding du de ping ding
HUO Xiao-min
HUO Xiao-min
..............page:244-248
fei shui jiao shu dian dong mao xi guan se pu zai xian fu ji ce ding guo shu zhong ke bai wei he jia zuo wei can liu ( ying wen )
TONG Ming-zhu;CHEN Guan-hua*;WU Chuan-qin;GUO Dong-shan;FANG Rou;ZHANG Li
TONG Ming-zhu;CHEN Guan-hua*;WU Chuan-qin;GUO Dong-shan;FANG Rou;ZHANG Li
..............page:176-181
hplc fa ce ding tao bu tong pin zhong guo shi zhong hua se zuo zu cheng he han liang
ZHAO Xiu-lin1;WANG Fu-rong2;XU Ling-yun1;;HE Hua-ping2;ZANG Cheng1;TIAN Yi-Chao1
ZHAO Xiu-lin1;WANG Fu-rong2;XU Ling-yun1;;HE Hua-ping2;ZANG Cheng1;TIAN Yi-Chao1
..............page:208-211
gao xiao ye xiang se pu fa tong shi ce ding shi pin zhong 18 zhong shi pin tian jia ji
LIN Hai-dan;ZOU Zhi-fei;QIN Yan;CHEN Yu-fang;LI Xiao-li;WANG Lan;LIU Zhong-yong
LIN Hai-dan;ZOU Zhi-fei;QIN Yan;CHEN Yu-fang;LI Xiao-li;WANG Lan;LIU Zhong-yong
..............page:228-231
pcr-dgge jie he zhong te yi xing pcr ji shu jian ce shi shou suan nai zhong ru suan jun
WANG Ying;MENG Xiang-chen
WANG Ying;MENG Xiang-chen
..............page:253-258
gao xiao ye xiang se pu - chuan lian zhi pu fa ce ding lu rou zhong 3 zhong - shou ti ji dong ji can liu
WANG Yuan;XING Li-jie;HAO Jia-yong;LU Li-liang;TANG Zong-gui;LUO Xiao-ling
WANG Yuan;XING Li-jie;HAO Jia-yong;LU Li-liang;TANG Zong-gui;LUO Xiao-ling
..............page:216-219
fan qie guo shi gan ran hui mei bing guo cheng zhong h2o2 de kang bing zuo yong
WU Huan-huan1;SHEN Lin1;SHENG Ji-ping1;2;
WU Huan-huan1;SHEN Lin1;SHENG Ji-ping1;2;
..............page:274-278
meng gu zuo xiang zi zhong dan ning de tuo chu gong yi
CAO Hai-xia;YANG Xiao-qing
CAO Hai-xia;YANG Xiao-qing
..............page:136-139
er ci zheng jiao xuan zhuan zu he you hua wei bo fu zhu ti qu wen zhou mi gan - yin huang su gong yi
SUN Zhi-gao;JIANG Guo-ling;ZHANG Meng-meng;SUN Ying;GUO Li-qiong
SUN Zhi-gao;JIANG Guo-ling;ZHANG Meng-meng;SUN Ying;GUO Li-qiong
..............page:16-20
luo bo miao zhong yi liu qing suan yan de ti qu gong yi
ZHAO Gong-ling 1;HAO Rui 2;YOU Hong 2;ZHU Yi 2;LUO Yun-bo 2
ZHAO Gong-ling 1;HAO Rui 2;YOU Hong 2;ZHU Yi 2;LUO Yun-bo 2
..............page:27-30
zuo zhong ke ti qu wu duo fen zu cheng ji dui zhu rou ru hua chang zhu cun qi zhi liang de ying xiang
ZHANG Cuan1;2;XU Xing-lian1;;ZHOU Guang-hong1;LI Chun-bao1;CAI Hua-zhen2
ZHANG Cuan1;2;XU Xing-lian1;;ZHOU Guang-hong1;LI Chun-bao1;CAI Hua-zhen2
..............page:48-52
yi yang hua dan can yu shui yang suan you dao de cai hou fan qie guo shi kang bing xing fan ying
LI Cui-dan1;SHEN Lin1;SHENG Ji-ping1;2;
LI Cui-dan1;SHEN Lin1;SHENG Ji-ping1;2;
..............page:294-298
ke ju tang fu he bao xian ji tu mo yu map bao xian zuo zi xiao li zhi
YANG Sheng-ping;XIE Jing;QIAN Yun-fang;LI Nian-wen;ZHOU Ran
YANG Sheng-ping;XIE Jing;QIAN Yun-fang;LI Nian-wen;ZHOU Ran
..............page:279-283
cha ye zhong lian ben ju zuo can liu zi ran ji ti biao zhun yang pin de yan zhi
YU Kong-jie;YANG Fang;HUANG Jie;LI Yao-ping;JIANG Jin-bin;LI Jie;LAN Jin-chang;WANG Yan
YU Kong-jie;YANG Fang;HUANG Jie;LI Yao-ping;JIANG Jin-bin;LI Jie;LAN Jin-chang;WANG Yan
..............page:317-320
gu xiang zuo qu -c30-rplc fa ce ding nan ji lin xia you zhong de xia qing su
SUN Lai-di1;LENG Kai-liang2;SUN Wei-hong2;ZHAO Xian-yong3;GAO Hua1;XING Li-hong2;LIU Kun1;
SUN Lai-di1;LENG Kai-liang2;SUN Wei-hong2;ZHAO Xian-yong3;GAO Hua1;XING Li-hong2;LIU Kun1;
..............page:157-160
ruan zao zuo hou tao zong fen de ke jian - jin hong wai man fan she guang pu wu sun jian ce
FU Rao1;2;XIN Guang1;2;;LI Shu-qian1;ZHANG Bo2;LIU Chang-jiang1;WANG Bao-gang3;FENG Xiao-yuan3
FU Rao1;2;XIN Guang1;2;;LI Shu-qian1;ZHANG Bo2;LIU Chang-jiang1;WANG Bao-gang3;FENG Xiao-yuan3
..............page:186-189
xing dian she ji - xiao ying mian fa you xuan nan gua duo tang ti qu gong yi
CHEN Li-jiang;WANG Yong-jie;LIU Yu;GAO Fei;YAN Xi-chen
CHEN Li-jiang;WANG Yong-jie;LIU Yu;GAO Fei;YAN Xi-chen
..............page:107-112
chao lin jie co2 zuo qu bu tong jin du xiao mai pei ya you ji qi zhi fang suan cheng fen fen xi
HE Jiao;ZHANG Zheng-mao;YAN Wen;WANG Tian;LIU Yu-xiu
HE Jiao;ZHANG Zheng-mao;YAN Wen;WANG Tian;LIU Yu-xiu
..............page:85-88